According to the latest information from the General Civil Aviation Authority (GCAA), the UAE’s national aviation authority, it is completely permissible to fly both commercial and personal drones in the United Arab Emirates. However, it is important to know the rules and regulations to ensure compliance with aviation safety laws.
As the UAE positions itself as a leader in aviation innovation, the integration of drones within its skies poses unique challenges and creates expansive opportunities. Let’s explore the UAE’s proactive measures to ensure that the surge in drone technology complements its aviation sector, rather than complicating it. By examining the stringent regulations and pioneering safety practices, we’ll explore how the nation successfully maintains a safe, efficient airspace, fostering an environment where technological advancements and safety regulations work hand in hand to redefine the future of aviation.
Federal Law No. 4 of 1996
Federal Law No. 4 of 1996 in the UAE meticulously governs aviation activities, outlining the regulatory framework, operational necessities, and penalties for breaches within the sector. It details the administrative structure for civil aviation, clarifying legal requirements for aircraft operation, maintenance, and essential safety measures to secure the airspace. This law provides a robust framework to oversee and regulate the swiftly expanding aviation industry, mandating strict compliance with both international and national aviation standards to uphold superior safety and operational protocols.
- Regulatory Framework: The law establishes a detailed regulatory framework that governs civil aviation activities, encompassing aircraft registration, operation, and maintenance standards.
- Safety and Security: It enforces stringent safety and security protocols to ensure all aviation activities within UAE airspace are conducted safely.
- Licensing and Certification: The law specifies the criteria for licensing aviation personnel, including pilots and maintenance staff, as well as the certification of aircraft and equipment.
- Penalties for Non-compliance: It lays out the penalties for breaches of aviation regulations, which may include fines, suspension or revocation of licenses, and other disciplinary measures.
- International Compliance: The legislation aligns UAE’s local regulations with international civil aviation standards to support worldwide interoperability and enhance safety.
Role of GCAA
The General Civil Aviation Authority (GCAA) is tasked with regulating civil aviation affairs and delivering essential services, all while upholding stringent safety and security regulations. This mandate aims to bolster the UAE’s aviation industry and its airspace. Since its inception, the GCAA has spearheaded the modernisation of air traffic control programmes and radar equipment and has established new facilities to support the burgeoning growth of the civil aviation sector in the UAE.
Guidelines for unmanned aerial systems (UAS) or drones
To promote safe, secure, and environmentally conscious development while addressing legitimate privacy and data protection concerns, the General Civil Aviation Authority (GCAA) has established a regulatory framework for unmanned aerial systems (UAS) and drone operations in the UAE.
Federal Decree-Law No. 26 of 2022 Concerning the Regulation of the Civil Use of Unmanned Aircraft and Related Activities aims to:
- Ensure the safe operation of unmanned aircraft and maintain the safety and security of UAE airspace.
- Regulate and oversee air navigation services for unmanned aircraft.
- Manage and standardise the operation of unmanned aircraft and associated activities, ensuring safe and effective practices.
- Minimise risks associated with drone operations and clarify the responsibilities of relevant authorities in this field.
Rules for personal drones
Individuals or recreational users must adhere to the following rules when operating unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs)/drones in the UAE. In case of any confusion, hire the services of the best aviation law firm in the Emirates.
- Only fly UAVs/drones weighing 5 kg or less in the designated green zones as indicated in the ‘My Drone Hub’ application.
- Ensure the UAV/drone is registered with the GCAA before flying.
- Operate UAVs/drones only during daylight hours and in favourable weather conditions.
- Use the UAV/drone strictly for recreational purposes, not for commercial activities.
- Follow the manufacturer’s guidelines for safe operation, and inspect the UAV/drone before each flight.
- Avoid flying near public or private property.
- Maintain a minimum distance of 5 km from the outer fence of airports, heliports, airfields, and controlled zones.
- Keep a direct radio control link with the UAV/drone at all times.
- Comply with frequency band restrictions: 29.7-47.0 MHz (maximum power 10 mW) or 2400-2500 MHz (maximum power 100 mW).
- Consider the impact of the frequency used on radio communications.
- Prevent collisions with people, objects, and other manned or unmanned aircraft.
- Do not harass or endanger individuals, nor cause property damage.
- Inform the GCAA if you intend to resell the UAV/drone.
- Refrain from equipping UAVs/drones with drop or release mechanisms.
- Always fly within line-of-sight and no higher than 400 feet above ground level.
- Use cameras only in designated flying zones and adhere to privacy laws.
Rules for drones by organisations
Obtaining authorisation
To obtain the Unmanned Aircraft Operator Authorisation (UOA), all organisations or operators must provide the following documents:
- A Security Clearance issued by the GCAA.
- A UAV operator registration letter, printed on official letterhead and sent to the email address of GCAA.
- Proof of subscription to the GCAA E-Publications Service.
- Payment of the required fee of AED 1,200.
Applying for permission
Once the Unmanned Aircraft Operator Authorisation (UOA) is obtained, operators must apply for permission to operate their UAV for each flight within restricted zones (red zones).
Additionally, regardless of the flying zone (red or green), operators must secure Security Clearance Approval if the UAV activity involves the use of capturing or recording devices, such as cameras or video streaming equipment.
Examples of special operations permitted under this category include:
- Aerial work
- Agriculture
- Air shows
- Firefighting
- Inspections
- Media coverage
- Petroleum industry activities
- Wildlife protection
- Surveying
- Surveillance
- Screening
- Weather forecasting
Ensuring safe skies with legal expertise
As drone technology continues to evolve, strict regulations are essential to ensure safe and responsible use in both restricted and permitted zones. Operators must adhere to these regulations to protect privacy, safety, and the environment. Navigating these complex legal frameworks requires expert advice, and Davidson & Co. is here to assist. As a leading law firm specialising in aviation and related matters, Davidson & Co. offers unrivalled expertise through the best lawyers to help you stay compliant and secure. Contact Davidson & Co. today for all your aviation legal needs.
