The United Arab Emirates (UAE) is renowned for its thriving economy and business-friendly environment. Understanding the intricacies of working hours in the UAE is crucial for both employers and employees.
Let us explore the standard working hours, overtime rules, and specific considerations for the private and public sectors, especially during Ramadan.
Understanding UAE labour law on working hours
The UAE Labour Law, or Federal Law No. 08 of 1980, provides the foundation for working hours in the country. The law defines normal working hours in UAE for the private sector as eight hours per day or 48 hours per week. Working hours in the UAE for private sector employees can vary depending on the nature of the work and the industry. For instance, those in hotels, cafes, and security services may work up to nine hours a day, with prior approval from the Ministry of Human Resources and Emiratisation (MOHRE).
Working hours as per UAE Labour Law ensure that employees are given adequate rest periods, including a lunch break time in UAE. The law mandates a minimum break of one hour after every five hours of continuous work. Notably, lunch break is not included in the overall working time, ensuring employees get sufficient rest during their shifts.
Working hours in the UAE for private sector 2023-2024
UAE working hours for the private sector in 2023 and 2024 continue to align with the general provisions of the UAE Labour Law. Working hours in Dubai for the private sector are generally the same as those in the rest of the UAE, typically from 8:00 AM to 5:00 PM or 9:00 AM to 6:00 PM, including breaks. However, there are specific rules for Friday working hours in the UAE private sector, where companies may adopt a half-day schedule or provide flexibility for employees to attend the Friday prayer.
Public sector and new working hours in the UAE
The public sector in the UAE follows a distinct schedule compared to the private sector. The federal government operates on a four-and-a-half-day workweek, from Monday to Thursday, with a half-day on Friday, allowing employees time for the Friday prayer break. This new workweek structure aligns with the UAE’s efforts to enhance work-life balance and productivity.
New working hours in the UAE have been designed to cater to the needs of a modern workforce. The four-and-a-half-day workweek in the public sector has led to discussions about a possible 3-day weekend in UAE in the future, as the country continues to innovate in terms of labour practices.
Overtime calculation in UAE
Overtime calculation in the UAE is a crucial aspect of the labour law. UAE overtime law stipulates that employees are entitled to overtime pay if they work beyond the normal working hours. How to calculate overtime in UAE is straightforward; employees receive an additional 25% of their basic wage for overtime during regular hours and 50% for hours worked between 9:00 PM and 4:00 AM.
Work on public holidays
Overtime calculation in UAE as per labour law also applies to work on public holidays, where employees are entitled to a 150% premium on their regular pay. Maximum overtime hours allowed in UAE are capped to ensure that employees do not work excessively, typically not exceeding two hours of overtime per day unless under exceptional circumstances.
Overtime calculation in UAE MOHRE is monitored to ensure compliance, and companies must adhere to these regulations to avoid penalties. Overtime calculation in UAE for public holidays follows the same rules, offering employees fair compensation for their extra effort.
Ramadan working hours in the UAE
Ramadan working hours in UAE are shorter to accommodate the holy month. UAE Ramadan working hours for the private sector are reduced by two hours daily, irrespective of whether the employee is fasting or not. Ramadan working hours in Dubai and other emirates reflect the same adjustments, showing a unified approach across the country.
Ramadan working hours UAE Labour Law mandate a maximum of six hours per day during this period. Ramadan working hours for private sector employees ensure that they can observe religious practices while maintaining a balance with their professional responsibilities. These adjustments also apply to the public sector, where government employees enjoy reduced working hours during Ramadan in the UAE.
MOHRE and labour office timings
The MOHRE working hours and UAE labour office timings are crucial for businesses and employees alike. These offices typically operate from 7:30 AM to 2:30 PM, Sunday to Thursday. Understanding Labour Office Dubai timing and Labour Court Dubai timing is important for resolving disputes or seeking guidance on labour laws.
Working days and office hours in the UAE
The standard working days in UAE are from Monday to Friday for the public sector, while the private sector usually works from Sunday to Thursday, with some businesses operating half-day on Friday. Dubai working days and Abu Dhabi working days follow this schedule, with weekends typically on Friday and Saturday, although some companies in free zones may adopt different schedules.
Office hours in the UAE vary by sector and company. However, the general practice is an eight-hour workday with a one-hour break. Dubai working hours for government entities are typically from 7:30 AM to 2:30 PM, while office timing in the private sector usually ranges from 8:00 AM to 5:00 PM or 9:00 AM to 6:00 PM.
Work-life balance and the future of working hours in the UAE
The UAE has been progressively enhancing its labour laws to promote work-life balance. The introduction of the four-and-a-half-day workweek for the public sector is a step towards creating a more flexible and dynamic work environment. The possibility of a 4-day work week in Abu Dhabi and Sharjah 4-day work week in the future reflects the UAE’s commitment to adapting to global trends.
Weekend days in Dubai and other emirates have been standardised to Saturday and Sunday for the public sector, aligning with international markets. This shift to a UAE 3-day weekend for public holidays and certain occasions further demonstrates the nation’s efforts to foster a balanced lifestyle for its residents.
Summing up
Understanding the UAE working hours is essential for employers and employees to ensure compliance with labour laws and maintain a healthy work environment. Whether it’s the working hours in UAE for private sector employees or public sector schedules, the UAE has put in place a comprehensive framework to balance work and personal life.
Davidson & Co. is a leading boutique law firm in the UAE, known for providing expert legal services with a personalised touch. Specialising in employment law, we offer tailored solutions to meet the unique needs of our clients. Contact us today to discuss how our specialised legal expertise can support your business needs in the UAE!
